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Code Henry

The first comprehensive legal code of the Kingdom of Haiti, promulgated by King Henry Christophe on February 20, 1812 — a sovereign act of juridical self-determination just eight years after the world's only successful slave revolution produced an independent nation. This digital edition presents the complete Code in 3,004 articles spanning 8 laws and 67 titres — from the Loi Civile's 1,535 articles on personhood, marriage, property, and succession, to the Loi sur la Procédure Criminelle's 421 articles on investigation, confrontation, and royal clemency. Every article has been hand-extracted from 19th-century OCR, corrected, translated into English, and annotated with plain-language life lessons and scholarly notes. Browse in French, English, or Kreyòl Ayisyen. 3,004 articles · 8 laws · 3 languages · 213 years restored

3,004 articles in the Code Henry

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41
Article 41 Law on Prizes · Des Prises
Prize Law
Before distribution, all costs of unloading, vessel guarding, and court costs shall be deducted, as determined by the admiralty judge, plus ten percent due to...
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Before distribution, all costs of unloading, vessel guarding, and court costs shall be deducted, as determined by the admiralty judge, plus ten percent due to the government.

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42
Article 42 Law on Prizes · Des Prises
Prize Law
What remains of the prize shall be shared among the stakeholders according to their partnership agreement, with port-of-call and commission expenses deducted; but if there...
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What remains of the prize shall be shared among the stakeholders according to their partnership agreement, with port-of-call and commission expenses deducted; but if there is no charter party, two-thirds shall belong to the outfitter and one-third to the crew.

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43
Article 43 Law on Prizes · Des Prises
Prize Law
All warships taken by the kingdom's armed vessels may only be sold if the government does not want them; and if it does want them,...
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All warships taken by the kingdom's armed vessels may only be sold if the government does not want them; and if it does want them, payment shall be made to the outfitters or crews, or shared among them as a bonus. Forty gourdes for each cannon of calibers four to twelve; sixty gourdes for each cannon of calibers twelve and above; and ten gourdes for each prisoner.

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44
Article 44 Law on Prizes · Des Prises faites par les Bâtimens de l'État
Prize Law
Enemy corsairs and merchant vessels, armed or unarmed, taken by state vessels, together with their cargoes, shall belong: one-third to the king, two-thirds to the...
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Enemy corsairs and merchant vessels, armed or unarmed, taken by state vessels, together with their cargoes, shall belong: one-third to the king, two-thirds to the officers and crews. Distribution for a vessel shall be: admiral commanding in chief, twelve shares; division chief, eight; ship captain, six; frigate captain, five; ship lieutenant, three and a half; ensign, two and a half; midshipman, two; boatswain, three; helmsman and topman, one and a half; sailor, one; cabin boy, one-half; chief commissary, four; assistant commissary, two; first-class health officer, four; second-class, two; admiral's secretary, two; troop captain, three and a half; lieutenant, two and a half; sub-lieutenant, two; sergeant-major, one and a half; sergeant, one and a quarter; corporal, soldier, and gunner, one.

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45
Article 45 Law on Prizes · Des Prises faites par les Bâtimens de l'État
Prize Law
If several of the kingdom's warships contributed to making a prize, the distribution of said prize shall always follow the same proportion for each vessel...
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If several of the kingdom's warships contributed to making a prize, the distribution of said prize shall always follow the same proportion for each vessel individually; but the total prize shall be divided according to the strength of each.

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46
Article 46 Law on Prizes · Des Prises faites par les Bâtimens de l'État
Prize Law
It is forbidden for admiralty officers to become purchasers, directly or indirectly, of captured vessels or effects, under penalty of suspension, fine, etc.
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It is forbidden for admiralty officers to become purchasers, directly or indirectly, of captured vessels or effects, under penalty of suspension, fine, etc.

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47
Article 47 Law on Prizes · Des Rançons
Prize Law
If captors are forced to release a captured vessel by agreement, whether due to the vessel's poor condition or enemy pursuit, and they take aboard...
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If captors are forced to release a captured vessel by agreement, whether due to the vessel's poor condition or enemy pursuit, and they take aboard all or part of the merchandise from the released vessel, they may leave the enemy's papers on board; but they shall bring to a kingdom port one of the principal officers of the captured vessel, to verify that the ransom record was made and voluntarily signed in duplicate by both captains, under penalty of losing the prize proceeds and corporal punishment. But if the privateer is forced to abandon the captured vessel due to its poor sailing, with enemy vessels in sight and no time to make the ransom record, he must seize all papers and bring two principal officers, including the captain, to a kingdom port to prove the capture's legitimacy.

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48
Article 48 Law on Prizes · Des Rançons
Prize Law
A ransomed vessel may not be recaptured by state vessels or by armed privateers.
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A ransomed vessel may not be recaptured by state vessels or by armed privateers.

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49
Article 49 Law on Prizes · Du Sauvetage
Prize Law
A vessel taken by the enemy and then abandoned for any cause, and found at sea by the king's warships or privateers, shall be returned...
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A vessel taken by the enemy and then abandoned for any cause, and found at sea by the king's warships or privateers, shall be returned to the owner upon payment of one-third to the captor as salvage right, based on the estimated value of both the hull and cargo; to be determined by experts appointed by the interested parties, or ex officio.

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50
Article 50 Law on Prizes · Du Sauvetage
Prize Law
But the owner must make his claim within three months from the day his vessel arrives in a kingdom port. The same applies to vessels...
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But the owner must make his claim within three months from the day his vessel arrives in a kingdom port. The same applies to vessels and effects retaken from pirates; they shall be returned to owners, who shall pay the captors one-third of the value of both vessels and merchandise, as recapture right; without regard to the time of capture and recapture, because pirates having no right to make prizes, ownership can never be considered as belonging to them.

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51
Article 51 Law on Prizes · Du Sauvetage
Prize Law
Haitian vessels taken by enemies, then abandoned and cast upon the kingdom's coasts, or brought there by storm, shall be returned to Haitian owners upon...
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Haitian vessels taken by enemies, then abandoned and cast upon the kingdom's coasts, or brought there by storm, shall be returned to Haitian owners upon payment of only the salvage expenses. It shall be otherwise for foreign vessels in the same situation; they shall be required to pay, in addition to expenses, one-third of the value of the vessel and saved effects, as salvage right.

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52
Article 52 Law on Prizes · Des Lettres de Représailles
Prize Law
The king shall always give other nations proof of his spirit of justice and equity; and shall act toward them only as they act toward...
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The king shall always give other nations proof of his spirit of justice and equity; and shall act toward them only as they act toward him; this is called the right of reprisal. Accordingly, those of his subjects who have been seized outside of war shall be required, to obtain his letters of reprisal against the subjects of other states, to inform him through the king's prosecutor of the admiralty, of the place where they disembarked, the detention of their effects, and to make a declaration and estimation thereof, and also to submit all supporting documents of their seized property.

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53
Article 53 Law on Prizes · Des Lettres de Représailles
Prize Law
Letters of reprisal may only be given by the king.
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Letters of reprisal may only be given by the king.

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54
Article 54 Law on Prizes · Des Lettres de Représailles
Prize Law
Letters of reprisal shall state the value of the effects detained or seized; and shall carry permission to arrest and seize from the subjects of...
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Letters of reprisal shall state the value of the effects detained or seized; and shall carry permission to arrest and seize from the subjects of states that have refused to make restitution; those who obtain letters of reprisal shall be required to register them at the admiralty clerk's office where they outfit their vessel, and to post adequate security for the seized objects mentioned in their official record.

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55
Article 55 Law on Prizes · Des Lettres de Représailles
Prize Law
Prizes taken under the king's letters of reprisal shall be brought, investigated, and judged in the kingdom's ports, in the same manner as those taken...
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Prizes taken under the king's letters of reprisal shall be brought, investigated, and judged in the kingdom's ports, in the same manner as those taken from enemies.

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56
Article 56 Law on Prizes · Des Lettres de Représailles
Prize Law
If judged good, the sale shall be made before the admiralty court, with the proceeds given to the captor up to the value taken from...
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If judged good, the sale shall be made before the admiralty court, with the proceeds given to the captor up to the value taken from him, and the surplus returned to the rightful party.

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57
Article 57 Law on Prizes · Des Lettres de Représailles
Prize Law
Upon receiving their funds, the holders of letters of reprisal shall be required to endorse them for the sums received, give a good and valid...
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Upon receiving their funds, the holders of letters of reprisal shall be required to endorse them for the sums received, give a good and valid discharge, to be deposited at the admiralty clerk's office and attached to the proceedings.

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58
Article 58 Law on Prizes · Des Lettres de Représailles
Prize Law
If the holders of letters of reprisal have exaggerated or disguised the facts in the report establishing the seizure of their effects, they shall be...
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If the holders of letters of reprisal have exaggerated or disguised the facts in the report establishing the seizure of their effects, they shall be condemned to damages toward the owners of the effects they seized, and to a sum of four times the excess over what was legitimately owed to them. In the case of a false declaration, they shall further be criminally prosecuted.

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59
Article 59 Law on Prizes · Des Prises étrangères conduites dans les Ports du Royaume
Prize Law
All captains sailing under foreign commission shall find asylum in the kingdom's ports, for themselves and their prizes; but they may not remain more than...
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All captains sailing under foreign commission shall find asylum in the kingdom's ports, for themselves and their prizes; but they may not remain more than twenty-four hours, unless storm or force majeure compels them.

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60
Article 60 Law on Prizes · Des Prises étrangères conduites dans les Ports du Royaume
Prize Law
They may only sell prizes taken from common enemies; however, if prizes taken from allies or neutrals are in a condition unable to return to...
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They may only sell prizes taken from common enemies; however, if prizes taken from allies or neutrals are in a condition unable to return to sea and cannot be repaired, the sale may be permitted at the request of the capturing captain or his representative the prize captain; but a declaration must first be made to the admiralty, which shall appoint three expert assessors to verify the truth of the facts stated in said declaration.