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Code Henry

The first comprehensive legal code of the Kingdom of Haiti, promulgated by King Henry Christophe on February 20, 1812 — a sovereign act of juridical self-determination just eight years after the world's only successful slave revolution produced an independent nation. This digital edition presents the complete Code in 3,004 articles spanning 8 laws and 67 titres — from the Loi Civile's 1,535 articles on personhood, marriage, property, and succession, to the Loi sur la Procédure Criminelle's 421 articles on investigation, confrontation, and royal clemency. Every article has been hand-extracted from 19th-century OCR, corrected, translated into English, and annotated with plain-language life lessons and scholarly notes. Browse in French, English, or Kreyòl Ayisyen. 3,004 articles · 8 laws · 3 languages · 213 years restored

3,004 articles in the Code Henry

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1493
Article 1493 Civil Law · De l'Expropriation ou Vente forcée
Property Law
Expropriation may not be pursued by the assignee of an enforceable title until the assignment deed has been served on the debtor.
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Expropriation may not be pursued by the assignee of an enforceable title until the assignment deed has been served on the debtor.

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1494
Article 1494 Civil Law · De l'Expropriation ou Vente forcée
Property Law
By virtue of a provisional or final judgment, enforceable notwithstanding appeal, expropriation proceedings may be commenced; but adjudication shall only occur after the final judgment...
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By virtue of a provisional or final judgment, enforceable notwithstanding appeal, expropriation proceedings may be commenced; but adjudication shall only occur after the final judgment in last resort, or one having the force of res judicata. During the period for opposing a default judgment, proceedings may not be commenced.

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1495
Article 1495 Civil Law · De l'Expropriation ou Vente forcée
Property Law
Proceedings, even if commenced for a sum greater than what is owed, may not be annulled.
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Proceedings, even if commenced for a sum greater than what is owed, may not be annulled.

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1496
Article 1496 Civil Law · De l'Expropriation ou Vente forcée
Property Law
A demand for payment must be served on the debtor before pursuing forced sale of his property; this demand is made through a bailiff, personally...
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A demand for payment must be served on the debtor before pursuing forced sale of his property; this demand is made through a bailiff, personally or at the debtor's domicile, at the creditor's request. The forms to be observed for expropriation proceedings are governed by the Law on Procedure, as are the forms of the demand.

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1497
Article 1497 Civil Law · De l'ordre et de la distribution du prix entre les Créanciers
Property Law
The order and manner of proceeding with the distribution of the price of immovables are governed by the Law on Procedure.
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The order and manner of proceeding with the distribution of the price of immovables are governed by the Law on Procedure.

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1498
Article 1498 Civil Law · Dispositions générales
Property Law
The effect of prescription is to acquire or to be discharged by the lapse of time determined by law.
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The effect of prescription is to acquire or to be discharged by the lapse of time determined by law.

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1499
Article 1499 Civil Law · Dispositions générales
Property Law
No one may renounce except prescription already acquired. Renunciation is express or tacit; it is tacit if it results from a fact implying abandonment of...
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No one may renounce except prescription already acquired. Renunciation is express or tacit; it is tacit if it results from a fact implying abandonment of the right of prescription.

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1500
Article 1500 Civil Law · Dispositions générales
Property Law
Only he who may alienate has the right to renounce prescription.
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Only he who may alienate has the right to renounce prescription.

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1501
Article 1501 Civil Law · Dispositions générales
Property Law
Those with an interest in invoking acquired prescription, such as creditors or others, are authorized to do so. The debtor may not renounce this right...
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Those with an interest in invoking acquired prescription, such as creditors or others, are authorized to do so. The debtor may not renounce this right to their prejudice.

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1502
Article 1502 Civil Law · Dispositions générales
Property Law
Prescription defenses not being raised, judges may not supply them sua sponte.
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Prescription defenses not being raised, judges may not supply them sua sponte.

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1503
Article 1503 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
To enjoy a thing or a right, either by ourselves or through another who holds from us, is what is called possession.
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To enjoy a thing or a right, either by ourselves or through another who holds from us, is what is called possession.

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1504
Article 1504 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
To prescribe, one must possess as owner, and the possession must be peaceful, public, continuous, and unequivocal.
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To prescribe, one must possess as owner, and the possession must be peaceful, public, continuous, and unequivocal.

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1505
Article 1505 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
If there is no proof that one possesses for another, the possessor is always presumed to be the owner; but if possession began for and...
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If there is no proof that one possesses for another, the possessor is always presumed to be the owner; but if possession began for and in the name of another, it is presumed to continue under the same title.

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1506
Article 1506 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
Possession and prescription may not be founded on acts of tolerance or mere permissiveness. Violence cannot found possession and therefore cannot effect prescription. Possession may...
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Possession and prescription may not be founded on acts of tolerance or mere permissiveness. Violence cannot found possession and therefore cannot effect prescription. Possession may only begin when violence has ceased.

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1507
Article 1507 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
By joining one's own possession to that of one's predecessor, by whatever title, one may complete the prescription.
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By joining one's own possession to that of one's predecessor, by whatever title, one may complete the prescription.

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1508
Article 1508 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
The tenant, usufructuary, depositary, and all others who possess for another may not prescribe against the owner's thing; the same applies to their heirs, unless...
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The tenant, usufructuary, depositary, and all others who possess for another may not prescribe against the owner's thing; the same applies to their heirs, unless the title has been changed by a cause from a third party, or by contradiction opposed to the owner's right.

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1509
Article 1509 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
The thing transferred by a title of ownership may be prescribed by those who previously possessed it precariously.
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The thing transferred by a title of ownership may be prescribed by those who previously possessed it precariously.

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1510
Article 1510 Civil Law · De la Possession
Property Law
One prescribes for the discharge of one's obligation, but one cannot prescribe to oneself the cause and principle of one's possession.
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One prescribes for the discharge of one's obligation, but one cannot prescribe to oneself the cause and principle of one's possession.

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1511
Article 1511 Civil Law · Des Causes qui interrompent ou qui suspendent le cours de la Prescription
Property Law
Prescription may be interrupted naturally or civilly. Deprivation of enjoyment of the thing for one year, whether by the owner or a third party, constitutes...
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Prescription may be interrupted naturally or civilly. Deprivation of enjoyment of the thing for one year, whether by the owner or a third party, constitutes natural interruption; civil interruption is effected by service on the prescribing party of a judicial summons, payment demand, or seizure, even when the summons is before an incompetent judge.

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1512
Article 1512 Civil Law · Des Causes qui interrompent ou qui suspendent le cours de la Prescription
Property Law
Interruption shall not occur: If the summons is void for defect of form; If the plaintiff withdraws his claim; If he allows the action to...
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Interruption shall not occur: If the summons is void for defect of form; If the plaintiff withdraws his claim; If he allows the action to lapse; Or if his claim is dismissed.

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