Toussaint made his submission to Leclerc.

Happy the chief who in such cruel circumstances can find friends so devoted! But, reflecting on the defection of Clervaux, a *mulâtre*, who owed him everything; of Laplume, who had played so great a part in the war of the South; on the capitulation of Morpas and of Paul-L’Ouverture, his brother; knowing that the presence of these generals in the ranks of the French army must naturally paralyze the impulse of the masses; seeing himself above all deprived by the treason of Christophe of all his matériel of war, Toussaint-L’Ouverture understood that for him, accustomed to great things good or evil, there was no longer any honor in pursuing an unequal and indeed impossible struggle. He resolved to make his submission, and accomplished this sacrifice on 13 floréal (3 May). “This was a different man,” says M. Laujon (1), “from that *nègre* Christophe with whom General Leclerc had treated a few days before, full of submission, of respect, speaking only of repentance and of means of expiation. Toussaint, of harsh and proud approach and without any engaging manner, announced in this circumstance the regret for the step to which he consented, more than the remorse for his crimes. This haughty and ferocious chief was still moved by the discomfort he had just experienced in passing in review before men in whose eyes he had lost that character of superiority which he had exercised so long, and for whom he had become an object of horror and contempt. He therefore concealed nothing of his sentiments, announcing his submission as a constraint, refusing, as regards power and authority, the offers that were made to him, reserving to himself the right to make the articles of his treaty common with Dessalines, and promising to fulfill their conditions strictly.