1934–1957: (The Era of Post-Occupation Reconstruction): Following the departure of foreign troops, Haiti entered a twenty-three-year period focused on achiev…

1934–1957: (The Era of Post-Occupation Reconstruction): Following the departure of foreign troops, Haiti entered a twenty-three-year period focused on achieving a “Second Independence”. This era involved intense efforts to rebuild indigenous political institutions and regain economic autonomy. The narrative follows the struggle to establish a stable democratic process amidst lingering social and military tensions. It chronicles the rise of new intellectual and political elites who sought to redefine the Haitian state in a post-colonial world. This chapter concludes with the political vacuum that allowed for the rise of the Duvalier family.