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1794-mid

1794-mid: Toussaint Louverture switches his military support to the republican French forces after a period of alliance with Spain.

1794-mid: Toussaint Louverture switches his military support to the republican French forces after a period of alliance with Spain. His leadership became the decisive factor in securing the colony for France against British and Spanish rivals. Significance: Shifted the Revolution from decentralized insurgency to centralized military authority under Toussaint. Nuance: Fick stresses that Toussaint’s rise did not erase popular revolutionary energy. However, power increasingly moved from plantation-based rebel networks to a disciplined military hierarchy. (Nicholls, From Dessalines to Duvalier, 29; Fick, The Making of Haiti pp 196-215))