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277

Article 277

Property Law
Titre XII: De la Propriété (On Property)

On ne peut exiger, de qui que ce soit, la cession de sa propriété, à moins que le gouvernement ne l'ait jugé nécessaire, ou qu'un motif d'utilité publique, bien constaté, ne nécessite cette mesure; dans ce cas, le propriétaire recevra préalablement suffisante indemnité.

Life lesson: No one — not even the king — may take your property without just cause and prior compensation. Eminent domain exists, but it must be justified by public necessity and paid for in advance. The revolution that abolished slavery also enshrined property rights.
Notes: Eminent domain / expropriation clause: only for government necessity or well-established public utility. Prior sufficient compensation required. A powerful guarantee for formerly enslaved citizens now recognized as property owners. Cf. Code Napoléon Art. 545.
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