c.

c. AD 1200 – 1500: In the province of Maniabón in eastern Cuba, indigenous settlements show a distinct preference for fertile “red lands” (tierras rojas) located several kilometers inland. These sites, such as El Chorro de Maíta, are often situated on hillsides to avoid flooding while remaining close to arable land for intensive conuco (mound) agriculture. The shift away from the immediate coastline allowed for the cultivation of staple crops like manioc and maize on a larger scale. This settlement pattern reflects a strategic balance between inland agricultural production and continued access to maritime resources via established trails.