c.

c. AD 1000 – 1500 (Theory): The “Rousean Framework” provided the first comprehensive chronology for the Caribbean, but modern researchers are increasingly focusing on the “interstitial spaces” between his defined categories. Keegan and Hofman advocate for an approach that examines the continuous flow of people and ideas, rather than treating cultural “Series” as static blocks. They suggest that the “vibrancy” of Caribbean history lies in its internal social reconfigurations—how local groups reinterpreted regional styles to suit their own political and social needs. This shift in perspective allows for a more nuanced history of the “First Islanders” as active participants in a dynamic, island-wide social landscape.