c.

c. AD 1200 – 1500: During the Late Ceramic Age, indigenous communities in the central-south region of Cuba developed specialized settlement patterns and subsistence strategies tailored to the island’s diverse inland and coastal ecologies. Archaeological research led by Lourdes Domínguez has identified numerous sites where materials reflect the early stages of transculturation between native populations and arriving Europeans. These sites often contain a mix of traditional shell tools and early colonial ceramics, providing a record of how local groups managed social and economic change. The study of these southern Cuban sites is essential for understanding the regional variation within the broader Caribbean cultural landscape.