A creole king of Limbé is broken on the wheel after capture
Thornton uses Jean-Baptiste Cap to break the assumption that the kings elected by the insurgents were necessarily Africans. Cap, king of Limbé and Port Margot until his capture, was apparently a creole and was said to own property worth three thousand livres at Cap Français when he was executed on the wheel. The king of the Dondon quarter, Jean-Louis le Parisien, was so called because he had lived for some time in Paris with the person who claimed to own him. Sometimes the king was chosen separately from the military commander, as at Limbé where one report names Barthélémy as chief alongside Boukman with a king named Youé beside them; sometimes the offices merged, as when captured cavalry commander George was carrying a letter signed by a king who was presumably Jean-François. Colonial troops later found the body of one such king, richly dressed and crowned, among the dead at Gallifet.