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1989

1989: Gérard Barthélemy publishes Le pays en dehors in Port-au-Prince.

1989: Gérard Barthélemy publishes Le pays en dehors in Port-au-Prince. This original study explored the cultural and social autonomy of the rural peasantry in relation to the urban state.

Source  ·  p. xxxvii Nicholls, From Dessalines to Duvalier, xxxvii