1915–1934: (The Era of the United States Occupation): This nineteen-year chapter documents the comprehensive takeover of the Haitian state by the United Stat…

1915–1934: (The Era of the United States Occupation): This nineteen-year chapter documents the comprehensive takeover of the Haitian state by the United States military. The authors analyze the administrative, cultural, and military impacts of the occupation on the Haitian people and their institutions. It examines the resistance movements that arose in response to foreign rule and the structural changes imposed by the occupying forces. The narrative concludes with the eventual withdrawal of U.S. forces and the restoration of nominal self-rule. This period represents a significant interruption in Haiti’s long history of independent governance.