1844, May–August: (The Aftermath of Hérard: Exile, Acaau’s Legacy, and Three Old Men): Neither cousin saw Haiti again after being packed off aboard H.M.S.

1844, May–August: (The Aftermath of Hérard: Exile, Acaau’s Legacy, and Three Old Men): Neither cousin saw Haiti again after being packed off aboard H.M.S. Spartan: Rivière-Hérard, like many another successor, was soon stripped of his pension by the new government and died destitute six years later hoeing a potato patch, while the remnants of his army straggled home from Azua pillaging as they returned. In the North, Pierrot quickly annulled his short-lived secession and adhered to his old crony Guerrier, while at the same time prudently strengthening his hand as warlord of the North. The armée souffrante simply petered out — by midsummer Acaau found himself in Port-au-Prince without his piquets, answering charges before a military commission, and in August he was banished to St. Marc, where on Guerrier’s orders he was permitted to console himself on the best of everything. Yet Acaau had founded a tradition, if not a movement, that would outlive him: the noirs of the South would not forget, and the piquets would be heard from again. Also to be heard again was Acaau’s biting dictum that would echo through Haitian political consciousness for generations: “A poor mulâtre is a noir — a rich noir is a mulâtre.” (3)