1820–1915: (Picturing the Republic’s Internal Strife): The middle period of Haitian independence is illustrated through portraits of various presidents, incl…
1820–1915: (Picturing the Republic’s Internal Strife): The middle period of Haitian independence is illustrated through portraits of various presidents, including Jean-Pierre Boyer and Fabre Geffrard. A notable inclusion is the image of Emperor Faustin Soulouque alongside his royal orb, representing a unique shift in the nation’s political identity. The escalating military and civil unrest of the early 20th century is documented through images of Caco leaders Jean Jumeau and Mérisier Jeannis. The list further notes the entry of Oreste Zamor’s Cacos into Port-au-Prince in 1914 and the presence of Gatling guns in the National Palace. These images visually reinforce the narrative of “Plots and Revolutions” and the eventual designation of the state as a “Public Nuisance”.