1760s/1791 (Historical Context): Rebellious figures in Saint-Domingue, such as Mackandal in the 1760s and Boukmann in 1791, were noted for having escaped fro…

1760s/1791 (Historical Context): Rebellious figures in Saint-Domingue, such as Mackandal in the 1760s and Boukmann in 1791, were noted for having escaped from Jamaica or other British colonies. Additionally, Plymouth, who led a band of maroons in the 1730s, arrived in the French colony from a British territory. Even Henry Christophe, a future Haitian president, was born on the British island of St. Kitts. These cross-imperial origins demonstrate that the leadership of Saint-Domingue’s resistance movements was deeply rooted in the mobility of creole slaves across the Caribbean.