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1757

1757: The Makandal conspiracy emerges as an organized plot to destroy masters.

1757: The Makandal conspiracy emerges as an organized plot to destroy masters. This secret movement utilized poison and was intended to coordinate a massive uprising across the North. Nuance: Makandal was more than a runaway; he was a houngan (priest) and a strategist. His use of poison was a form of “asymmetric warfare” that targeted the plantation’s food and water supplies, turning the masters’ domestic environment into a site of constant terror.

Source Fick, The Making of Haiti, 16; Nicholls, From Dessalines to Duvalier, 31