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Article 1
Dispositions Générales
En matière criminelle, correctionnelle, et de simple police, il y a deux actions distinctes, l'action publique, et l'action civile.
Life lesson:
Every criminal case has two tracks: the state's prosecution and the victim's claim for damages — running side by side.
Notes:
Dual-action principle: action publique (penalty application) + action civile (victim reparation). Foundational distinction.